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Wednesday 30 November 2011

Facts about Buddhism and Jainism and their founders



The Buddha :


Also known as Sakyamuni or Tathagata.
Born in 563 BC on the Vaishakha Poornima Day at Lumbini near Kapilavastu in Nepal.
His father Suddhodhana was the Saka ruler.
His mother, Mahamaya, of the Kosala Dynasty died after 7 days of his birth. Brought  up by step mother Gautami.
Married at 16 to Yoshodhara . Enjoyed the married life for 13 years and had a son named Rahula.
After seeing an old man, a sick man, a corpse and an ascetic, he decided to become a wanderer.
Left his palace at the age of 29 in search of truth ( also know as Mahabhinishkramana or the Great Renunciation and wandered for 6 years.
Attained enlightment at 35 at Gaya in Magadha (Bihar ) under the Pipal tree.
Delivered the first sermon at Sarnath where his five disciples had settled. His first sermon is called “ Dharmachakrapravartan” or “Turning the wheel of Law”.
Attained Mahaparinirvana at Kushinagar in 483 BC at the age of 80 in Malla republic.




Jainism :
Founded b.y Rishabha
There were 24 Tirthankaras (Prophets or Gurus) , all Kshatriyas.
First was Rishabhnath ( Emblem : Bull)
The 23rd Tirthankar Parshwanath ( Emblem: Snake) was the son of King Ashvasena of Banaras.
The 24th and the last Tirthankar was Vardhaman Mahavira (Emblem : Lion). He was born in Kundagram (Dist : Muzaffarpur, Bihar in 599 BC.
His father Siddhartha was the head of Jnatrika clan.
His mother was Trishla, sister of Lichchavi Prince Chetak of Vaishali.
Mahavir was related to Bimbsara.
Married to Yashoda, had a daughter named Priyadarsena, whose husband Jamali his first disciple.
At 30, after the death of this parents, he became an ascetic.
In the 13th year of his asceticism, he attained supereme knowledge (Kaivalya).
From now on he was called Jaina or Jitendriya and Mahavira, and his followers were named Jains .He also got the title of Arihant.
At the age of 72, he attained death at Pava , near Patna in 527 BC.




Posted by Vishal.Kalgutkar

Chief Ministers and Governor of States (India)


State
Governor
Chief Minister
Andhra Pradesh
E.L.S.Narasimhan
Kiran Kumar Reddy
Arunchal Pradesh
J.J.Singh
Jarbom Gamlin
Assam
Janaki Ballabh Patnaik
Tarun Gogoi
Bihar
Devanand Konwar
Nitesh Kumar
Chhattisgarh
Shekhar Dutt
Raman Singh
Goa
S.S.Sindhu
Digambar Kamat
Gujarat
Kamla Beniwal
Narendra Modi
Haryana
Jagannath Pahadia
Bupinder Singh Hooda
Himachal Pradesh
Urmila Singh
Prem Kumar Dhumal
Jammu and Kashmir
Lt.Gen.N.N.Vohra
Omar Abdullah
Jharkhand
M.O.H.Farooq
Arjun Munda
Karntaka
H.R.Bhardwaj
Sadananda Gowda
Kerala
R.S.Gavai
Oomen Chandy
Madhya Pradesh
Rameshwar Thakur
Shivraj Singh Chauhan
Maharashtra
Shankar Narayan
Prithvi Raj Chauhan
Manipur
Gurbhachan Jagat
Okram lbobi Singh
Meghalaya
R.S.Mooshshary
Mukul Sangma
Mizoram
M.M.Lakhera
Lal Thanhawala
Nagaland
Nikhil Kumar
Nefeureo
Orissa
M.C.Bhandare
Navin Patnayak
Punjab
Shivraj Patil
Prakash Singh Badal
Rajasthan
Shivraj Patil
Ashok Gehlot
Sikkim
B.P.Singh
P.K.Chamling
Tamil Nadu
Surjit Singh Barnala
J.Jayalalita
Tripura
DY Patil
Manik Sarkar
Uttarkhand
Margaret Alwa
Ramesh Nishank
Uttar Pradesh
B.L.Joshi
Mayawati
West Bengal
M.K.Narayan
Mamta Banerjee

Sunday 27 November 2011

Indian Shooter Abhinav Bindra's Achievements 2010-2011


2010 :
  • Silver at Commonwealth Games in New Delhi,scoring 595 points.
  • 10th at the Asian Games in Guangzhou, with total of 593.
  • 25th at the World Cup after shooting a total of 593.
  • 24th at the World Cup in Belgrade, scoring 594..
2011 :


  • Gold medal at the National Championship in Pune, scoring 700 points.
  • Silver Medal at Asian Championships in Kuwait,scoring 697.5.
  • Eighth at the World Cup in Munich,qualifies for London Games.
  • 14th at the World Cup in Fort Benning with a total of 595.


International Award Winners

Man Pulitzer Prize Winner 2011  : Indian-American Physician  Siddhartha Mukerjee- The Emperor of all Maladies, A Biography of Cancer (Non Fiction) .


Booker Prize Winner 2011 : Julian Patrick Barnes – The Sense of Ending


N.C. Shekhar Awards 2011 : Noted Writer, literary critic and biographer Prof M K Sanu.


Martin Ennals Awards 2011 : Kasha Jacqueline , Human Rights Defenders winner , a gay right activist from Uganda


Byron Nelson Prize 2011 : Former PGA Tour Commissioner Deane Beman


David Cohen Prize 2011 : Julian Patrick Barnes  

Friday 25 November 2011

David Ferrer defeats World no 1 Novak Djokovic at World Tour Finals




 Spaniard David Ferrer defeats World no 1 Novak Djokovic at World Tour Finals in the Group A match on 23 Nov 2011 to qualify for the semis final. Novak Djokovic claims this match as his worst defeat of the year. David Ferrer's relentless hitting proved too much for Djokovic on Wednesday as Ferrer won 6-3 6-1 to qualify for the semi finals of the ATP World Tour Finals. This is Novak Djokovic fifth defeat this year. Djokovic can qualify for the finals if he defeats Serb Janko Tipsarevic. Roger Federer continues to dominates the Group B match series.


Posted by : Vishal.Kalgutkar

Novak Djokovic wins the ATP World Tour No 1 Player of the year trophy


Novak Djokovic wins the ATP World Tour No 1 Player of the Year trophy in London .


Current Ranking :


Novak Djokovic
World Rank : 1 Age : 24
2011 titles : 10
Win- Loss (2011) : 69-4
Prize Money Won (2011) : $10,779,803.


Rafael Nadal
World Rank : 2 Age: 25
2011 titles: 3
Win- Loss (2011) : 66-13
Prize Money (2011) : $ 6,428,214.


Andy Murray
World Rank : 3 Age : 24
2011 titles : 5
Win-Loss ( 2011): 56-12
Prize Money :  $ 4,610,091.


Roger Frederer
World Rank : 4 Age : 30
2011 titles : 3
Win- Loss (2011) : 59-12
Prize Money :  $ 4,114,576


.David Ferrer
World Rank: 5 Age: 29
2011 titles: 2
Win - loss (2011) : 56-17
Prize Money (2011) : $2,433,904.


Jo-Wilfried Tsonga
World  Rank : 6 Age : 26
2011 titles : 2
Win- Loss (2011) : 52:22
Prize money (2011) : $ 2,108,969.


Tomas Berdych
World Rank : 7 Age: 26
2011 titles : 1
Win-loss (2011) : 51-21
Prize money (2011) : $1,941,813.


Mardy Fish
World Rank : 8 Rank : 29
2011 titles : 1
Win-  Loss (2011) : 43-22
Prize Money : $ 1,537,091


Posted by: Vishal. Kalgutkar

Tuesday 22 November 2011

How seasons change ?





How seasons change ?



The earth’s axis is inclined at an angle of 66.65 to the plane of its orbit. As a result of this, the earth is in different position while revolving around the sun. During the half of the year the northern hemisphere tilts towards the sun resulting in the season of summer in the region.  During the second half of the year the southern hemisphere tilts towards the sun, and thus experiences summer and northern hemisphere experience winter.


The revolution causes four season :


Spring  : When the sun is overhead the equator.


Summer : When the sun is directly overhead the Tropic of Cancer – The north temperature zone experiences summer.


Autumn : When the sun return to the equator and the north temperature zone experiences the season of autumn.


Winter : The sun is at Tropic of Capricorn and the north temperature zone experiences Winner.


Equinoxes : are days where the days and nights are equal. During these days the sun shines directly over the equator.
21st March is called vernal equinox and 23rd September is called autumnal equinox.


Solstice : The time of year when difference between the length of days and nights is the largest it is referred as Solstice.
On, around 21 June, the North Pole tilts towards the sun and the sun shines directly over the Tropic of Cancer which is called summer solstice. On or around 22 December, the earth is at opposite end of its orbit, as a result, the South pole tilts toward the sun. This results in winter Solstice.


Eclipses : When the light of the sun or the moon is obscured by another body the sun or moon is said to be in eclipse.


Lunar Eclipse  : When the earth comes between the moon and the sun, the shadow cast by the earth on the moon result is lunar eclipse. Lunar Eclipse occurs only on a full moon day but not on every full moon day.


Solar Eclipse : When the moon comes between the earth and the sun, it causes obstruction of sun light when viewed from the earth and is called solar eclipse. A solar eclipse A solar eclipse occur on a new moon day and not on every new moon day.



Posted by : Vishal.Kalgutkar

Tuesday 15 November 2011

FIFA Football World Cup Winners since inception



World Cup Football
Year
Winner
Held at
1930
Uruguay beat Argentina
In Uruguay
1934
Italy beat Czechoslovakia
 Italy
1938
Italy beats Hungary
Brazil
1950
Uruguay beat Brazil
Brazil
1954
West Germany beat Hungary
Switzerland
1958
Brazil beat Sweden
Sweden
1962
Brazil beat Czechoslovakia
Chile
1966
England beat West Germany
England
1970
Brazil beat Italy
Mexico
1974
West Germany beat Holland
West Germany
1978
Argentina beat Holland
Argentina
1982
Italy beats West Germany
Spain
1986
Argentina beat West Germany
Mexico
1990
West Germany beats Argentina
Italy
1994
Brazil beat Italy
USA
1998
France beat Brazil
France
2002
Brazil beat Germany
Japan
2006
Italy beat France
Germany
2010
Spain beat Netherland
Japan

Posted by : Vishal.Kalgutkar